Modern operational amplifiers (op amps) and instrumentation amplifiers (in amps) provide great benefits to the designer, when compared with discrete semiconductors. But all too often, some very basic ...

In a balanced op-amp circuit, the op-amp inputs see equal impedances looking into the circuit. Balanced circuits provide better performance by cancelling some input errors and have a simple R F /R I ...

An integrator that you configure with an op amp is a simple circuit consisting of a resistor, a capacitor, and an op amp, so how can anything go wrong? In Figure 1, when Z F is a capacitor, the closed ...

OBJECTIVE: You will wind (and test) your own inductor, which you will also use in the AM radio project in a subsequent lab. You will also investigate the properties of capacitors by making a simple ...

Circuit simulations are great because you can experiment with circuits and make changes with almost no effort. In Circuit VR, we look at circuits using a simulator to do experiments without having to ...

A fixed-frequency signal generator that can produce outputs simultaneously at multiple phases such as 45°, 90°, 135°, and 180° is sometimes needed for testing multi-channel analog-to-digital ...

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

Of digital electronics, a wise man once said that “Every idiot can count to one.” Truer words have rarely been spoken, because at the end of the day, every digital circuit is really just an analog ...

I have had mixed success with the seemingly simple op-amp and power mosfet current sink, but i think I am going to have another go. The idea is that feedback around the op-amp makes it impose Vin ...